最高人民法院11月18日发布一份司法解释，对兴奋剂犯罪的定罪量刑问题作出规定。
- The judicial interpretation offers guidelines and criteria for imposing penalties in cases involving the smuggling and illegal sale of banned substances. The judicial interpretation will take effect on Jan 1, 2020.
根据司法实践情况，该司法解释对违禁物品走私、非法销售等行为的定罪量刑提供了指导意见及标准。该解释自2020年1月1日施行。
司法解释（judicial interpretation）是司法机关对法律、法规（法令）的进一步明确界限所做的补充规定。
该司法解释主要明确了以下内容：
一是加强源头管理。
- Those who involve in illegal selling of banned substances stipulated in laws and administrative regulations will be subject to criminal punishment for illegal business operations.
非法经营兴奋剂目录所列物质，涉案物质属于法律、行政法规规定的限制买卖的物品的，可以非法经营罪定罪处罚。
二是惩治非法使用行为。
- Those who force, organize, lure or cheat minors or people with disabilities under their guardianship into using performance-enhancing drugs in sports activities and harm physical and mental health of the latter will face criminal penalty for maltreatment.
组织、强迫、引诱、欺骗未成年人、残疾人在体育运动中非法使用兴奋剂，严重损害未成年人、残疾人身心健康的，以虐待被监护、看护人罪定罪处罚。 - In the athletic test section of national-level examinations, including the college entrance examination and the civil servant examination, those who organize the doping of candidates will be penalized in accordance with the standards employed for those found guilty of the crime of cheating on exams, according to the interpretation.
在普通高等学校招生、公务员录用等法律规定的国家考试涉及的体育、体能测试等体育运动中，组织考生非法使用兴奋剂的，以组织考试作弊罪定罪处罚。
三是压实监管责任。
- For those who work in state organs or anti-doping agencies but abuse their power or fail to do their job when performing anti-doping duties, causing serious doping violations, seriously damaging the national reputation or causing negative social influence, they will be punished in accordance with the standards for the crimes of abuse of power and dereliction of duty, it said.
国家机关工作人员以及行使反兴奋剂管理职权单位的工作人员，在行使反兴奋剂管理职权时滥用职权或者玩忽职守，造成严重兴奋剂违规事件，严重损害国家声誉或者造成恶劣社会影响的，以滥用职权罪、玩忽职守罪定罪处罚。
相关词汇
- 世界反兴奋剂组织
World Anti Doping Agency （WADA） - 禁赛
match ban - 药检
doping test - 公平竞争
fair play
