40年来,中国人民聚焦发展、造福人民,坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,从1978年到2017年,中国人均可支配收入增长22.8倍,贫困人口减少了7.4亿,就业人员翻了一番,城乡免费义务教育全面实现,世界上覆盖人口最多的社会保障体系基本建立,中国人民的获得感、幸福感、安全感显著提高。
Over the past 40 years, the Chinese people have pursued development with a single focus and made lives better for ourselves. Guided by a people-centered development philosophy, between 1978 and 2017 China raised its per capita disposable income by 22.8 times, lifted 740 million people out of poverty and doubled the number of jobs created. We have achieved free compulsory primary and middle-school education nationwide and established the world’s biggest social safety net. Thanks to these accomplishments, our people now feel more secure and have a greater sense of fulfillment and contentment.
——2018年11月17日,习近平在亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会上的演讲
由于中国经济的稳步发展,70年来我国居民人均可支配收入大幅增长。国家统计局发布的报告显示,1949年我国居民人均可支配收入仅为49.7元,2018年居民人均可支配收入达到28228元,扣除物价因素实际增长59.2倍。
Chinese residents saw their per capita disposable income surge during the past seven decades thanks to the country's steady economic expansion. The per capita disposable income stood at about 49.7 yuan in 1949, and topped 28,228 yuan in 2018, registering a growth of 59.2 times factoring in inflation, a report from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) showed.
国家统计局日前发布《新中国成立70周年经济社会发展成就系列报告之十四》。报告显示,70年来特别是改革开放以来,城乡居民收入大幅增长,居民消费水平明显提升。
党的十八大以来,收入分配制度改革全面深化实施,重点群体收入增长措施持续发力,精准扶贫精准脱贫政策深入推进,对城乡居民的收入增加起到至关重要的作用。城镇居民人均可支配收入从2013年的26467元增加到2018年的39251元,年均实际增长6.3%。农村居民人均可支配收入从2013年的9430元增加到2018年的14617元,年均实际增长7.7%。
伴随着城乡居民收入的跨越式增长,城乡居民的收入来源也从单一走向多元。党的十八大以来,党和政府高度重视收入分配问题,着力深化收入分配制度改革,城乡和区域收入差距持续缩小,收入分配格局明显改善。城镇居民工资性收入不再占据绝对主体,经营、财产和转移收入比重增加。农村居民收入来源由集体工分收入和家庭经营收入为主转为家庭经营、工资和转移收入并驾齐驱。
- 个人所得税起征点
the threshold for individual income tax - 收入分配制度改革
reform of the income distribution system - 结构性去杠杆
structural deleveraging