2019年3月21日14:48左右,江苏省盐城市响水县陈家港镇生态化工园区内的江苏天嘉宜化工有限公司发生爆炸。
- Death toll climbs to 47 in the explosion at a chemical factory in Yancheng, Jiangsu province. 90 were seriously injured.
江苏盐城化工厂爆炸事故死亡人数升至47人,重伤90人。
Toll这个词我们最常见的用法一个就是这里的death toll(死亡人数),另一个就是高速公路或桥梁的“收费”,比如:toll road(收费公路)、toll bridge(收费桥梁)、tollgate(收费站)等,“免费公路”就是toll-free road。
正赴国外访问途中的中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平对江苏响水天嘉宜化工有限公司“3·21”爆炸事故作出重要指示。
- Xi said all-out efforts must be made to search those trapped, and the injured must be timely treated and relief work must be well done to maintain social stability. Meanwhile, environment monitoring and early warning should be strengthened to prevent environmental pollution as well as secondary disasters.
要求全力抢险救援,搜救被困人员,及时救治伤员,做好善后工作,切实维护社会稳定。要加强监测预警,防控发生环境污染,严防发生次生灾害。 - The Tianjiayi chemical plant, which was established in 2007, is a producer of over 30 organic chemical compounds, including anisole, m-Phenylenediamine and para-Phenylenediamine, many of which are flammable and toxic, according to its website.
官网信息显示,天嘉宜成立于2007年,主要生产苯甲醚、间苯二胺以及对间苯二胺等30多种有机化合物,其中很多化合物为易燃有毒产品。 - According to the city's environmental protection authority, the explosion had a negative influence on the air quality in the chemical park and its surrounding areas within a 500-meter radius.
当地环保部门表示,爆炸会对化工厂及周边500米范围地区的空气质量产生不良影响。 - No residents are living in the chemical park, while all people nearby have been evacuated. And there are no drinking water sources downstream of the accident site, it added.
环保部门同时表示,化工厂内没有人居住,周边居民也已被撤离。爆发事故地点下游也没有饮用水源。
涉事化工厂劣迹斑斑
The company had been ordered by State Administration of Work Safety Ministry, the predecessor of Ministry of Emergency Management, to rectify its 13 hidden safety hazards in 2018, including leaking valve on its storage tank.
2018年,原国家安监总局,应急管理部前身,曾要求天嘉宜整改储存罐阀门泄漏等13条安全隐患。
在国家安全监督总局办公厅的官网上,涉事的企业有13项安全隐患被通报,其中有4项直接涉及到苯;尤其有一条是,苯、甲醇装卸现场无防泄漏应急处置措施,这可能是造成可燃物泄漏并爆炸的主要原因之一。
- And earlier in 2016, the company was fined by the county's ecological and environmental protection bureau for violating the solid waste management and environmental impact assessment regulations. It was punished again a year later for disobeying air pollution and solid waste management regulations in 2017, according to Qichacha, a data bank that tracks business registration information in China.
企业登记信息数据库企查查信息显示,早在2016年,天嘉宜就曾因为违法固体废物管理及环境影响测评规定被前国家环保总局罚款。2017年,该公司又因为违法空气污染及固体废物管理规定被处罚。
爆炸事故后如何保护自己?
首先,爆炸引起的泄漏,会造成相关物料泄漏。
苯、对苯二胺等物质(以及它们的不完全燃烧产物)在泄漏后,有可能会对当地的水源造成危害,这是目前最需要关注的问题。当地应该立刻对大气和水体进行污染物监测(air and water pollutants monitoring)。当地人应尽可能补充新鲜洁净的水源(store clean drinking water),最好能够供接下来3~4天饮用。
其次,苯的沸点低,挥发成气体后,也会造成吸入性伤害。
一般的口罩不能防气态污染物(gaseous pollutants),防毒面具才可以。比较合理的救助方式是,将当地群众尽可能迁移到出事点10公里以外的地区(local residents should be relocated at least 10 km away from the explosion site),避免遭受有毒空气的伤害。等到环境监测显示空气中苯的浓度恢复到正常水平时,再回到原来的住所。
所幸的是,当地是平原环境,扩散条件好,恢复到安全水平应该不需要太长时间。
- 死亡人数 death toll
- 伤亡人员 casualty
- 营救 rescue
- 疏散 evacuate
- 紧急救援队 emergency team
- 有机化合物 organic chemical compounds
- 安全隐患 hidden safety hazards