在英语写作中,相对于词穷、憋不出话来等硬伤问题,表达是否清晰明了更考验一个人的软实力。今天小站就来分享5个英语写作小贴士,看看里面有没有你曾经掉过的坑。
贴士1:不要单独使用this
- When I wrote the report, I was not aware the driver had left the scene of a serious accident. This has created an unfortunate situation.
看上面这个例句,你能猜出第二句开头的this指的是什么吗?既可以理解是“自己不留神”,也可以是“司机跑路的行为”。
那么如何避免句中的歧义呢?答案很简单,就是不要单独使用this,而是搭配一个所要指代的名词。
- 如果this指的是“自己不留神”,就把this换成“This lack of awareness…”;
- 如果this指的是“司机跑路的行为”,就把this换成“This driver behavior…”。
贴士2:尽量避免使用i.e.和e.g.
i.e.与e.g.是两个既常见又容易误用的拉丁文缩写。别看着眼熟,突然一下子让人说出它俩的含义区别,恐怕不少小伙伴会发懵。
- We recommend that the group focus on just one area of interest, i.e., sustainability.
看上面这个例句,一般会想到下面两种不同的理解:
- We recommend that the group focus on just one area of interest, that is, sustainability.
- We recommend that the group focus on just one area of interest, for example, sustainability.
但究竟是哪个呢?事实上,i.e.指的是“that is”,而e.g.指的则是“for example”。既然读者容易误解,倒不如弃用i.e.和e.g.,转而直接使用“that is”和“for example”。
贴士3:不要短语连着乱飞
- Julia is working on a final marketing plan. She will send it to you to edit by Feb. 1.
看上面这个例句,2月1号那天到底是谁要去干什么呢?既可以理解是julia把营销计划书发给you,也可以是you来编辑营销计划书。
如果是表达前面这个意思,可以写成:
- Julia is working on a final marketing plan. She will send it to you by Feb. 1 so that you can edit it.
如果是表达后面这个意思,可以写成:
- Julia is working on a final marketing plan, which she will send you. Please edit it by Feb. 1.
贴士4:使用代词时,不要混淆单复数
在使用复数代词时,一定要确保对应的是复数名词。如果不对应,那么就需要改写这个句子。
- ABC Company is committed to exceeding our customers’ expectations.
看上面这个例句,这个our是不是很奇怪呢?主语ABC Company是一个单数名词,谓语is也是一个第三人称单数动词,那么读者就要好好想想our究竟指的是哪个我们了。
如果我们用以下三种方式改写这个句子,你看整个表达是不是就明朗多了:
- At ABC Company we are committed to exceeding our customers’ expectations.
- ABC Company is committed to exceeding its customers’ expectations.
- ABC Company is committed to exceeding customer expectations.
贴士5:避免使用概数单词和短语
- We may have a number of possible ways to solve the problem.
- I would like your response in a timely manner.
看上面两个例句,概数单词和短语给人一种抽象不明确的印象。表面上看影响不大,实际上这种模糊的表达不仅让对方摸不清你的真实想法,而且还会令对方怀疑你的实力或者漠视你的要求。
因此我们在写作中需要尽量避免使用概数单词和短语,转而多使用确数单词和短语。比如上面两个例句就可以改写为:
- We have three ways to solve the problem.
- I need your response by February 20.