市场经济market economy
计划经济 planned economy
可持续发展战略strategy of sustainable development
消费观consumption concept
改革开放reform and opening up
经济特区special economic zone
社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy
合作论坛Cooperation Forum
资本主义capitalism
证券市场stock market
工业革命industrial revolution
信息技术information technology
创新成果innovation achievement
试验田 test field
高速列车 high-speed train
导航系统navigation system
能源消耗 energy consumption
可替代燃料alternative fuel
科学探索scientific exploration
电子设备electronic device
唯学历、唯资历、唯论文 preferring diplomas, seniority and academic papers
党管人才 Party leadership over talents
服务发展 development-oriented
人才评价 talent evaluation
宪法修正案 a draft revision to the Constitution
红海行动 Operation Red Sea
快递服务 express delivery service
包装垃圾 packaging waste
过度包装 excessive packaging
一次性包装 disposable package
快递包裹 express parcel
红包抽奖 red envelope lucky draw
红包大战 red-envelope war/fight；battle of the red envelopes
抢红包 snatch/grab red envelopes
我国的八个民主党派分别为：
- 中国国民党革命委员会
Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang - 中国民主同盟
China Democratic League - 中国民主建国会
China Democratic National Construction Association - 中国民主促进会
China Association for Promoting Democracy - 中国农工民主党
Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party - 中国致公党
China Zhi Gong Party - 九三学社
The Jiu San Society - 台湾民主自治同盟
Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League
支出预算的总量与结构
the total amount and structure of expenditure budget
重点支出与重大投资项目
key expenditures and major investment projects
部门预算
budgets of various Party and governmental departments
财政转移支付
the implementation of transfer payment budgets
政府债务
government debts
支出预算 expenditure budget
审查监督 review and supervision
预算收入 budgeted revenue
中期财政规划 mid-term fiscal plans
无序举债搞建设 disorderly use of debt financing for construction
中国制造
2025 Made in China 2025
工匠精神
the spirit of workmanship/craftsmanship
知识产权强国
IPR powerhouse
发展新动能
new driver of growth
创新驱动发展战略
innovation-driven development strategy
- 法治
rule of law - 人治
rule of man - 德治
rule of virtue - 大德
political virtue - 公德
good public virtue - 私德
individual virtue
无人工厂
unmanned factory
根据国务院总理李克强提请第十三届全国人民代表大会第一次会议审议的国务院机构改革方案的议案，改革后，除国务院办公厅（General Office of the State Council）外，国务院设置组成部门26个：
- 中华人民共和国外交部
Ministry of Foreign Affairs - 中华人民共和国国防部
Ministry of National Defense - 中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会
National Development and Reform Commission - 中华人民共和国教育部
Ministry of Education - 中华人民共和国科学技术部
Ministry of Science and Technology - 中华人民共和国工业和信息化部
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology - 中华人民共和国国家民族事务委员会
State Ethnic Affairs Commission - 中华人民共和国公安部
Ministry of Public Security - 中华人民共和国国家安全部
Ministry of State Security - 中华人民共和国民政部
Ministry of Civil Affairs - 中华人民共和国司法部
Ministry of Justice - 中华人民共和国财政部
Ministry of Finance - 中华人民共和国人力资源和社会保障部
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security - 中华人民共和国自然资源部
Ministry of Natural Resources - 中华人民共和国生态环境部
Ministry of Ecological Environment - 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development - 中华人民共和国交通运输部
Ministry of Transport - 中华人民共和国水利部
Ministry of Water Resources - 中华人民共和国农业农村部
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs - 中华人民共和国商务部
Ministry of Commerce - 中华人民共和国文化和旅游部
Ministry of Culture and Tourism - 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会
National Health Commission - 中华人民共和国退役军人事务部
Ministry of Veterans Affairs - 中华人民共和国应急管理部
Ministry of Emergency Management - 中国人民银行
People's Bank of China - 中华人民共和国审计署
National Audit Office
现代化经济体系
modernized economy National Audit Office
转换增长动力
shift to new growth drivers
乡村振兴战略
rural revitalization strategy
市场主体
market entities
区块链
blockchain
战略性替代能源
strategic alternative energy
甲醇车
methanol-fueled cars
网络攻击
cyber attacks
智能汽车
intelligent vehicles
优质教育资源
quality education resources
语音电话
voice calls
点赞
thumbs-up
截图
screenshots
山寨产品
knockoff/copycat; 水货 pirated product
加分政策
a preferential policy of bonus points
自主招生
independent admission
保送录取
gain admission to college without taking national college entrance exam
小程序
mini program
【文化类】
1.发源地：birthplace
2.文化遗址：the culture site
3.象征：the symbol of...
4.见证、经历：witness
5.杰作：masterpiece
6.世界文化遗产名录：lists of World Heritage
7.奠基者：founder
8.著名的：renowned
9.文明：civilization
10.吉祥物：mascot
11.吉利的：auspicious
12.纪念：commemorate
13.由......组成：comprise of
14.追溯到：date back to
15.继承：inherit
16.发扬：carry forward/promote
17.传统的：traditional
18.特征：characteristic
19.独特的：unique
20.特产：specialty
21.民间的：folk
22.传说的：legendary
23.名垂青史：win sb’s place in history
24.文化遗产：cultural heritage
25.文化交流：cultural exchange
26.元素：element
【历史类】
1.皇室的：imperial
2.朝代：dynasty
3.妃嫔：concubine
4.历史的：historic
5.庆典：celebration
6.祭祀：sacrifice
7.等级制度：hierarchy system
8.在......的鼎盛时期：flourishing period
9.儒家的：Confucian
10.瓷器：porcelain
11.象形文字：pictographic character
12.原始社会：primitive society
13.封建的：feudal
14.古老的：ancient
15.革命：revolution
16.爱国的：patriotic
17.迄今为止：up till now
18.兴起于......：prosper in...
19.闭关政策：exclusion policy
20.大使：ambassador
21.帝国：empire
22.摇篮：cradle
23.发源于：originate from...
24.统一：unify
25.发掘：excavate
26.遗迹：relic
27.神话：myth
【经济类】
1.改革开放：reform and opening-up
2.合资企业：joint venture
3.私营企业：private enterprise
4.购买力：purchasing power
5.通货膨胀：inflation
6.附加值的：value-added
7.稳健的货币政策：a prudent monetary policy
8.预算：budget
9.资金：capital
10.社会福利：social welfare
11.财政的：fiscal
12.经济调节：economic regulation
13.公平竞争：fair competition
14.收支平衡：make ends meet
15.技术密集型产业：technology-intensive industry
16.劳动密集型产业：labor-intensive industry
17.出口：export
18.进口：import
19.专利：patent
20.退休金：pension
21.生产力：productivity
22.大萧条：recession
23.零售：retail
24.销售额：sales volume
25.长期国债：long-term government bonds
26.供给：supply
27.增长两倍：triple
28.城镇化：urbanization
29.房地产：real estate
【社会发展】
1.实施：implement
2.推行：carry out
3.教育体制：educational system
4.科教兴国：rejuvenate our country through science and education
5.把......放在优先发展的战略地位：place strategic priority on...；
6.共同努力：joint effort
7.就业机会：job opportunity
8.缓解：relieve
9.改善：improve
10.辉煌的成就：brilliant achievements
11.初步成效：initial effect
12.投入使用：be put into use
13.自然资源丰富：rich natural resources
14.人才资源：human resources
15.重要指标：key index
16.使丰富：enrich
17.着手解决：deal with
18.一带一路：the Belt and Road
贸易保护主义 trade protectionism
反补贴调查 anti-subsidy investigation
零和思维 zero-sum mentality
多边贸易体系 multilateral trading system
数据丑闻 data scandal
性格建模 personality modelling
数字隐私保护 digital privacy protection
互联网监管 internet governance
共同财产 mutual property
婚前财产 pre-marital property
婚姻登记 marriage registration
离婚诉讼 divorce proceeding
存储卡 memory card
锂电池 lithium battery
快捷图标 short-cut icon
全球定位系统 GPS(Global Positioning System)
客户身份识别卡(SIM卡) Subscriber Identity Module
无线局域网 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)
高考 national college entrance examination (NCEE)
自主招生 independent admission
保送录取 gain admission to college without taking NCEE
高考移民 NCEE migrant
义务教育 compulsory education
教育公平 education equality
异地高考 children of migrant workers to sit NCEE locally
洋垃圾 foreign garbage
减税降费 cut taxes and administrative fees
个税改革 reform of personal income tax
税级 tax brackets
行政事业性收费 administrative fees
1. Simile 明喻
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如：
1). He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2). I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3). Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
2. Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。
例如：
1). Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
2). Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
3. Metonymy 借喻，转喻
借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。
I、以容器代替内容，例如：
1).The kettle boils.
水开了。
2).The room sat silent.
全屋人安静地坐着。
II、以资料、工具代替事物的名称，例如：
Lend me your ears, please.
请听我说。
III、以作者代替作品，例如：
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
IV、以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如：
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.
我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱。
4. Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般。
例如：
1). There are about 100 hands working in his factory.
(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人。
2). He is the Newton of this century.
(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿。
3). The fox goes very well with your cap.
(整体代部分)这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。
5. Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉
这种修辞法是以视、听、触、嗅、味等感觉直接描写事物。通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。
例如：
1）The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.
(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
鸟儿落在树上，倾泻出百合花似的声音。
2）Taste the music of Mozart.
(用嗅觉形容听觉)品尝Mozart的音乐。
6. Personification 拟人
拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物。
例如：
1）The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.
(把夜拟人化)
2）I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.
(把鸟拟人化)
7. Hyperbole 夸张
夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的。它可以加强语势，增加表达效果。
例如：
1）I beg a thousand pardons.
2）Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.
3）When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
8. Parallelism 排比，平行
这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似，意思相关，语气一致的短语。句子排列成串，形成一个整体。
例如：
1）No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
2）In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.
9. Euphemism 委婉，婉辞法
婉辞法指用委婉，文雅的方法表达粗恶，避讳的话。
例如：
1）He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下。
2）His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽。
3）My mother passed away in 1997. (去世)
10. Allegory 讽喻，比方(原意“寓言”)
建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。
例如：
1）Make the hay while the sun shines.
表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草
真正意味：趁热打铁
2）It's time to turn plough into sword.
表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑
真正意味：要开战了
11. Irony 反语
反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式。如在指责过失、错误时，用赞同过失的说法，而在表扬时，则近乎责难的说法。
例如：
1）It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊(真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念)
2）"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.
服务生对那个乞丐说：“当然了，你身上只有大钞，不会有零钱的。”
12. Pun 双关
双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义，借题发挥。作出多种解释，旁敲侧击，从而达到意想不到的幽默、滑稽效果。它主要以相似的词形、词意和谐音的方式出现。
例如：
1）She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.
2）An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.
3）If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.
13. Parody 仿拟
这是一种模仿名言、警句、谚语，改动其中部分词语，从而使其产生新意的修辞。
例如：
1）Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.
2）A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.
14. Rhetorical question 修辞疑问（反问）
它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的，而是以疑问为手段，取得修辞上的效果，其特点是：肯定问句表示强烈否定，而否定问句表示强烈的肯定。它的答案往往是不言而喻的。
例如：
1）How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?
2）Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?
15. Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶
这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法。
例如：
1）Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Rome more.
2）You are staying; I am going.
3）Give me liberty, or give me death.
16. Paradox 隽语
这是一种貌似矛盾，但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法，是一种矛盾修辞法。
例如：
1）More haste, less speed.
欲速则不达。
2）The child is the father to the man.
(童年时代可决定人之未来)三岁看大，四岁看老。
17. Oxymoron 反意法，逆喻
这也是一种矛盾修辞法，用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物，以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义。
例如：
1）No light, but rather darkness visible.
2）The state of this house is cheerless welcome.
18. Climax 渐进法，层进法
这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小、轻重、深浅、高低等逐层渐进，最后达到顶点。可以增强语势，逐渐加深读者印象。
例如：
1）I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
2）Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.
19. Anticlimax 渐降法
与climax相反的一种修辞法，将一系列词语由大到小，由强到弱地排列。
例如：
1）On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.
2）The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.
lover 情人，不是“爱人”
busboy 餐馆勤杂工，不是“公汽售票员”
busybody 爱管闲事的人，不是“大忙人”
dry goods （美）纺织品；（英）谷物，不是“干货”
heartman 做心脏移植手术的人，不是“有心人”
mad doctor 精神病科医生，不是“发疯的医生”
eleventh hour 最后时刻，不是“十一点”
blind date （由第三者安排的）男女初次会面，并非“盲目约会”或“瞎约会”
dead president 美钞，印有总统头像，并非“死了的总统”
personal remark 人身攻击，不是“个人评论”
sweet water 淡水，不是“糖水”
confidence man 骗子，不是“信得过的人”
criminal lawyer 刑事律师，不是“犯罪的律师”
service station 加油站
rest room 厕所，不是“休息室”
dressing room 化妆室，不是“试衣室”或“更衣室”
sporting house 妓院，不是“体育室”
horse sense 常识，不是“马的感觉”
capital idea 好主意，不是“资本主义思想”
familiar talk 庸俗的交谈，不是“熟悉的谈话”
black tea 红茶，不是“黑茶”
black art 妖术，不是“黑色艺术”
black stranger 完全陌生的人，不是“陌生的黑人”
white coal 作动力来源用的，水
white man 忠实可靠的人，不是“皮肤白的人”
yellow book 黄皮书（法国政府报告书，以黄纸为封），不是“黄色书籍”
red tape 官僚习气，不是“红色带子”
green hand 新手，不是“绿手”
blue stocking 女学者、女才子，不是“蓝色长统袜”
China policy 对华政策，不是“中国政策”
Chinese dragon 麒麟，不是“中国龙”
American beauty 红蔷薇，不是“美国美女”
English disease 气管炎，不是“英国病”
Indian summer 愉快宁静的晚年，不是“印度的夏日”
Greek gift 害人的礼品，不是“希腊礼物”
Spanish athlete 吹牛的人，不是“西班牙运动员”
French chalk 滑石粉，不是“法国粉笔”
习语类
pull one's leg 开玩笑，不是“拉后腿”
in one's birthday suit 赤身裸体，不是“穿着生日礼服”
eat one's words 收回前言，不是“吃话”
an apple of love 西红柿，不是“爱情之果”
handwriting on the wall 不祥之兆，不是“大字报”
bring down the house 博得全场喝彩，不是“推倒房子”
have a fit 勃然大怒，不是“试穿”
make one's hair stand on end 令人毛骨悚然—恐惧，不是“令人发指——气愤”
be taken in 受骗，上当，不是“被接纳”
think a great deal of oneself 高看或看重自己，不是“为自己想得很多”
pull up one's socks 鼓起勇气，不是“提上袜子”
have the heart to do （用于否定句）忍心做……不是“有心做”或“有意做”
表达方式
Look out! 当心，不是“向外看”
What a shame! 多可惜！真遗憾，不是“多可耻”
You don't say! 是吗！不是“你别说”
You can say that again! 说得好！不是“你可以再说一遍”
I haven't slept better. 我睡得好极了。不是“我从未睡过好觉”
You can't be too careful in your work. 你工作越仔细越好。不是“你工作不能太仔细”
It has been 4 years since I smoked. 我戒烟４年了。不是“我抽烟4年了”
All his friends did not turn up. 他的朋友没全到。不是“他的朋友全没到”
People will be long forgetting her. 人们在很长时间内会记住她的。不是“人们会永远忘记她”
He was only too pleased to let them go. 他很乐意让他们走。不是“他太高兴了，不愿让他们走”
It can't be less interesting. 它无聊极了。不是“它不可能没有趣
其他
bank holiday 不是银行节，是公共假期
bookmaker 不一定是图书业者，有可能是接受赌注的庄家
coming of age 不是时代来临，而是成年
crow's feet 不是乌鸦脚，而是鱼尾纹
drawing room 不是画室，而是客厅
living room 就是客厅
flat-footed 不是扁平足，有可能是手足无措
fourth estate 不是第四笔地产，是指记者或新闻界
full of beans 不是到处都是豆子，是精力充沛
gray matter 不是灰色的东西，是大脑皮层表面的灰质……
green bean 不是绿豆，是四季豆
hard shoulder 不是硬肩膀， 是路肩
headhunt 不再是从前食人族的猎头陋习，而是当前流行的“挖角”行为
heavy duty 不是责任重大，是耐用
hobby horse 不是爱马，是别人早就听腻、自己却乐此不彼的话题
industrial action 不是工业行动， 是罢工之类的手段
labor of love 不是为情所困，是为了兴趣嗜好而无怨无悔做的事
milk run 不是牛奶用光了，是旅行搭的飞机或火车停很多站
moonshine 不一定是月光，也指私酒，或馊主意
mug shot 不是被马克杯击中，拍照存档
on the couch 不一定是坐在沙发上，是看心理医师
free shipping 不是免费“偷渡”，而是免费邮寄
赞同
1. positive adj.肯定的, 实际的, 积极的, 确实的
2. favorable adj.赞成的, 有利的, 赞许的, 良好的
3. approval n. 赞成, 承认, 正式批准
4. enthusiasm n.狂热, 热心, 积极性
5. supportive adj.支持的，支援的
6. defensive adj.为……而辩护
7. complimentary adj.赞美的
否定
1. negative adj.否定的, 消极的, 负的, 阴性的
2. disapproval n.不赞成
3. objection n.异议
4. opposition n.反对
5. critical adj.批评的
6. criticism n.批评,批判
7. disgust vi.令人厌恶, 令人反感vt.使作呕
8. detestation n.憎恶, 厌恶的人, 嫌恶
9. indignation n.愤慨
10. contempt n.轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬
11. worried adj.闷闷不乐的,焦虑的
12. bitter(bitterness) adj.痛苦的, 怀恨的 (悲痛, 怨恨)
13. intolerable adj.无法忍受的
怀疑
1. suspicion n.猜疑, 怀疑
2. suspicious adj.(～ of) 可疑的, 怀疑的
3. doubtful adj.可疑的, 不确的, 疑心的
4. question v.质疑
5. puzzling adj.使迷惑的, 使莫明其妙的
客观（即好的坏的都说，选的可能性极大）
1. objective adj.客观的
2. neutral adj.中立的
3. impartial adj.公平的, 不偏不倚的
4. disinterested adj.无私的,公正的
5. unprejudiced adj.没有偏见的
6. unbiased adj.没有偏见的
7. detached adj.公平的
8. rational adj.理性的, 合理的
9. impersonal adj.不带个人色彩的
主观
1. subjective adj.主观的, 个人的
2. indifference n.不关心
3. tolerance n.宽容，容忍，忍受
4. pessimism n.悲观, 悲观主义
5. gloomy adj.黑暗的, 阴沉的, 令人沮丧的, 阴郁的
6. optimistic adj.乐观的
7. sensitive 有感觉的, 敏感[锐]的,易受伤害的
8. scared adj.恐惧的
9. reserved adj.保留的
10. consent vi.同意, 赞成, 答应n.同意, 赞成, 允诺
11. radical adj.激进的
12. moderate adj.中等的, 适度的, 适中的v.缓和
13. mild adj.温和的, 温柔的, 淡味的, 轻微的, 适度的
14. ironic adj.讽刺的
15. sarcasm(sarcastic) n.(adj.)讽刺的, 讥讽的
16. cynical adj.愤世嫉俗的, 讽刺的, 冷嘲的
17. confused adj.困惑的
18. amazed adj.吃惊的, 惊奇的
19. concerned adj.关心的, 有关的
20. apprehensive adj.忧虑的
21. mixed adj.喜忧参半的
22. biased adj.有偏见的
23. indignant adj.愤怒的, 愤慨的
24. compromising n.妥协, 折衷v.妥协, 折衷
25. apathetic(unsympathetic) adj.无动于衷的
26. indifferent adj.漠不关心的
27. impassive (unsympathetic/unresponsive) adj.冷漠的，无同情心的
深化党和国家机构改革是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的一场深刻变革。党和国家机构职能体系是中国特色社会主义制度的重要组成部分，是我们党治国理政的重要保障。
Deeper reform of Party and state institutions is a profound evolution in modernizing China's system and capacity for governance. Party and state institutions form an important part of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and a significant guarantee for our Party's governance.
在社会主义建设和改革开放过程中，我们党积极推进党和国家机构改革，各方面机构职能不断优化、逐步规范。
During the process of socialist construction and reform and opening up, the Party actively advanced the reform of Party and state institutions and gradually optimized and standardized their functions.
按照高质量发展的要求，统筹推进'五位一体'总体布局和协调推进'四个全面'战略布局，坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，统筹推进稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险各项工作。
Heed the requirement that development must be high quality; coordinate efforts to pursue the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy; continue to regard supply-side structural reform as our main task; coordinate all work to maintain stable growth, promote reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risk.
上述主要预期目标，考虑了决胜全面建成小康社会需要，符合我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段实际。
The above targets take into consideration the need to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and are fitting given the fact that China's economy is transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development.
国有企业要通过改革创新，走在高质量发展前列。
Our SOEs should, through reform and innovation, become front-runners in pursuing high-quality development.
进一步拓展开放范围和层次，完善开放结构布局和体制机制，以高水平开放推动高质量发展。
China will further expand the scope and raise the quality of its opening up; the structure, layout, institutions, and mechanisms for opening up will be improved, and we will use high-standard opening up to generate high-quality development.
要着力解决发展不平衡不充分问题，围绕建设现代化经济体系，坚持质量第一、效益优先，促进经济结构优化升级。要尊重经济规律，远近结合，确保经济运行在合理区间，实现经济平稳增长和质量效益提高互促共进。
We will devote attention to addressing unbalanced and insufficient development. Centering on developing a modernized economy, we will put quality first and give priority to performance, and promote economic structural improvement and upgrading. We must respect objective economic laws, consider both long-and near-term needs, ensure the economy performs within a reasonable range, and achieve a situation in which steady economic growth and improvement in quality and performance reinforce each other.
抓好决胜全面建成小康社会三大攻坚战。要分别提出工作思路和具体举措，排出时间表、路线图、优先序，确保风险隐患得到有效控制，确保脱贫攻坚任务全面完成，确保生态环境质量总体改善。
We will ensure success in the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution, battles that are important for decisively bringing to completion the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. We need to adopt targeted approaches and specific measures, draw up timetables and roadmaps, and set well-defined priorities. We will make sure risks and potential dangers are effectively controlled, make sure poverty alleviation is fully accomplished, and make sure there is an overall improvement in the quality of the environment.
优化财政支出结构，提高财政支出的公共性、普惠性，加大对三大攻坚战的支持，更多向创新驱动、'三农'、民生等领域倾斜。
We will improve the structure of budgetary spending, making sure that more financial allocations are used for the public good and universal benefit, increasing support for the three critical battles against potential risk, poverty, and pollution, and weighting spending toward innovation-driven development, agriculture, rural areas, and rural residents, and the improvement of living standards.
坚决打好三大攻坚战，要围绕完成年度攻坚任务，明确各方责任，强化政策保障，把各项工作做实做好。
Fighting three critical battles. To fulfill our key annual tasks, we need to make everyone involved clear about their responsibilities, strengthen policy implementation, and ensure that every element of work is done to good, solid effect.
坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，统筹推进稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险各项工作，大力推进改革开放，创新和完善宏观调控，推动质量变革、效率变革、动力变革。
Continue to regard supply-side structural reform as our main task; coordinate all work to maintain stable growth, promote reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risk; work hard to reform and open up further; explore new ideas on and improve macro regulation; promote a change in quality, change in efficiency, and change in growth drivers.
大力实施乡村振兴战略。科学制定规划，健全城乡融合发展体制机制，依靠改革创新壮大乡村发展新动能。
Making strong moves in the rural revitalization strategy. Plans will be well designed and the institutions and mechanisms needed to achieve integrated urban-rural development will be improved. We will rely on reform and innovation to build powerful new growth drivers for rural development.
我们要坚持走中国特色社会主义乡村振兴道路，加快实现农业农村现代化。
We will continue to pursue a Chinese path to socialist rural revitalization, and work faster to achieve agricultural and rural modernization.
