爱国主义精神 patriotism
诚实守信 honesty
公民道德建设实施纲要 The Program for Improving Civic Morality
集体主义 collectivism
弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity
全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign
社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育 education in social and professional ethics and family virtues
为人民服务 serving the people
深入群众，深入生活 go deep among the masses and into the thick of life
奉献无愧于时代的作品 contribute to the people works worthy of the times
中华文明博大精深，源远流长 The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history
重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage
优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts
自立于世界民族之林 stand proudly in the family of nations
艺术及工艺 Arts and Crafts
版画 engraving
贝雕画 shell carving picture
彩塑 painted sculpture
瓷器 porcelain; china
刺绣 embroidery
雕刻 carving
宫灯 palace lantern
国画 Chinese painting
剪纸 paper-cut
景德镇瓷 Jingdezhen porcelain
景泰蓝 cloisonné enamel
蜡染 batik
卖秸画 straw patchwork
木/石/竹刻 wood/stone/bamboo carving
木刻画 wood engraving
泥人儿 clay figure
皮影 shadow puppet
漆画 lacquer painting
漆器 lacquer ware
双面绣 two-sided embroidery
水墨画 Chinese brush drawing ; ink and wash painting
檀香扇 sandalwood fan
唐三彩 Tang tri-colored pottery
陶器 pottery ; earthenware
图章 seal
拓碑 making rubbings from inscriptions , pictures , etc . on stone tablets
拓片 rubbing
微雕 miniature engraving
象牙雕刻 ivory carving
宜兴陶 Yixing pottery
篆刻 seal cutting
戏剧表演 Theatrical Performances
京剧人物脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera
生male characters
末middle-aged male characters
净“painted face” characters
旦female characters
丑clown
京剧票友amateur performer of Peking Opera
木偶戏puppet show
独角戏monodrama; one-man play
皮影戏shadow play ; leather-silhouette show
折子戏opera highlights
戏剧小品skit
哑剧dumb show ; mime ; mummery ; pantomime
单口相声monologue comic talk
双口相声witty dialogue
口技vocal imitations ; ventriloquism
说书monologue story-telling
杂技acrobatic performance
叠罗汉making a human pyramid
特技stunt
睬高跷stilt walk
马戏circus performances
神话人物 Mythological Figures
八仙 the Eight Immortals
嫦娥 Chang’e ( the Chinese moon goddess)
伏羲 Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)
福禄寿三星 the three gods of fortune , prosperity and longevity
共工 God of Water
后羿 Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns )
黄帝 Yellow Emperor
夸父 Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant )
女娲 Goddess of Sky-patching
盘古 Pan Gu (creator of the universe )
神农 Patron of Agriculture
禹 Yu ( the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty )
祝融 God of Fire
古代建筑 Ancient Architecture
塔 pagoda
琉璃塔 glazed stupa
舍利塔 dagoba ; sarira stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhist relics )
舍利子 sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s of saints’ body
喇叭塔 Lamaist pagoda
楼 storied buildings
钟楼 bell tower
鼓楼 drum tower
阁 pavilion
烽火台 beacon tower
华表 ornamental column
牌坊 memorial archway
传统节日 Traditional Festivals
拜年 paying a New Year call
爆竹 firecracker
鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers
除夕 New Year’s Eve
春节 Spring Festival
春联 Spring Festival couplets (conveying best wishes for the year )
辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ; ring out the old year and ring in the new
大扫除 year-end household cleaning
灯谜 lantern riddles
登高 hill climbing
端午节 Dragon Boat Festival
恭喜发财 May you be prosperous! / Wish you all the best !
观灯 viewing the lanterns
贺年片 New Year film
饺子 dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing )
龙灯舞 dragon lantern dance
庙会 temple fair
年画 New Year picture
年夜饭 family reunion dinner on Lunar New Year’s Eve
清明节 Tomb-sweeping Festival
扫墓 paying respect to the dead
赏菊 enjoying chrysanthemum
赏月 enjoying the full moon
狮子舞 lion dance
压岁钱 money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift
秧歌舞 yangge dance
元宵 sweet rice-flour dumplings (eaten on the Lantern Festival )
元宵节 Lantern Festival
月饼 moon cake
植树节 Tree-planting Day
中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival
重阳节 Double Ninth Festival
粽子 a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves
烹饪 Culinary Arts
美食节 gourmet festival
中餐烹饪 Chinese cuisine
色，香，味俱全 perfect combination of color , aroma , taste and appearance
四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜
four major Chinese cuisines: Shandong cuisine , Sichuan cuisine , Canton cuisine and Yangzhou
cuisine
南淡北咸，东甜西辣 the light southern cuisine , and the salty northern cuisine ;the sweet eastern cuisine , and the spicy western cuisine
八宝菜 eight-treasure pickles ( assorted walnut meats , asparagus , lettuce , almonds , cucumber and peanuts , etc . pickled in soy sauce )
八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding (glutinous rice steamed with preserved fruits , sweetened bean paste , lotus seeds , longan , etc.)
白斩鸡 tender boiled chicken (made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes , then dipping into seasonings )
臭豆腐 odd-odour bean curb
粉蒸肉 pork streamed with rice flour
风味小吃 local delicacy
腐竹 rolls of dried bean milk cream
冷盘 hors d’oeuvres
萨其马 Manchu candied fritter cut in squares
刀切，火候 Cutting and Slicing Techniques , Heat Control
切片 slicing
切条 cutting to strips
切丝 shredding
切柳 filleting
切丁 dicing
切碎 mincing
磨碎 grinding
大/旺/武火 strong heat
中火 medium heat
小/微/文火 gentle heat
烹饪方法 Cooking Techniques
煎 pan-frying
炒 stir-frying
爆 quick-frying
炸 deep-frying
烩 stewing
熏 smoking
煨 simmering
煮 boiling
烘 baking
烤 roasting
蒸 steaming
红烧 braising (with soy sauce )
涮羊肉 dip-boiled mutton slices
羊肉串小摊 mutton barbecue stall
宗教 Religions
佛教 Buddhism
释迦牟尼 Sakyamuni
佛寺 Buddhist temple
大雄宝殿 the Great Buddha’s Hall
藏经楼 depositary of Buddhist texts
金刚经 Vajracchedika-sutra
素菜馆 vegetarian restaurant
罗汉堂 arhat hall
观音 Guanyin; Goddess of Mercy; Avalokitesvara
地藏 God of Earth
四大金刚 Four Heavenly Guardians (at the entrance to a Buddhism temple);Four Devarajas
四大天王 Four Heavenly Kings
因果报应 karma
藏传佛教 Lamaism
大藏经 Tripitaka
转世灵童 reincarnated soul boy
喇嘛庙 lamasery
道教 Taoism
道观 Taoist temple
道士 Taoist priest
关帝庙 temple of Lord Guan
儒教 Confucianism
孔子庙 Confucian temple
孔子 Confucius
义，礼，智，信，忠，恕，孝，悌 rightness, propriety , wisdom , trustworthiness , loyalty , reciprocity ,filial piety , brotherly love
学儿优则仕 A good scholar can become an official ./ He who excels in study can follow an official career .
禅宗 Zen Buddhism
不立别传，不立文字，直指人心，见性成佛。
There belief is passed on outside the religion
There is no reliance on written scripts
It goes straight into people’s minds
One becomes a Buddha the moment
He sees his own Buddha nature
伊斯兰教 Islam
清真寺 mosques
古兰经 the Koran
耶稣教 Christianity
耶稣基督 Jesus Christ
洗礼 baptism
天主教 Catholicism
天主教堂 Catholic church
古代典籍 Famous Ancient Books
《 春秋 》 The Spring and Autumn Annals
《 史记 》 Historical Records
《 诗经 》 The Book of Songs
《 书经 》 The Book of History
《 易经 》 The Book of Changes
《 礼记 》 The Book of Rites
四书： The Four Books:
《 大学 》 The Great Learning
《 中庸 》 The Doctrine of the Mean
《 论语 》 The Analects of Confucius
《 孟子 》 The Mencius
《 山海经 》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《 本草纲目 》 Compendium of Materia Medica
《 资治通鉴 》 History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers
《 西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber
《 三国演义 》 The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
《 水浒传 》 Heroes of the Marshes ; Water Margins
《 西游记 》 Pilgrimage to the West
《 红楼梦 》 Dream of the Red Mansions ; The story of the Stone
《 聊斋志异 》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio
六艺：礼，乐，射，御，书，数 six classical arts: rites , music , archery , riding , writing , arithmetic
朦胧诗misty poetry
三字经three-character scripture
武侠小说tales of roving knights; martial arts novel ; a kung fu novel
言情小说romantic fiction ; sentimental novel
八股文eight-part essay ; stereotyped writing
五言绝句five-character quatrain
七言律诗seven-character octave
