区别辨析hunger、famine与starvation

hunger、famine与starvation这些名词均有“饥饿”之意。

hunger : 普通用词,指人体对于食物迫切需要的正常生理现象。

  • I can't believe that that enormous meal wasn't enough to satisfy your hunger.
    我无法相信那么一顿丰盛的饭菜都无法填饱你的肚子。
  • By about nine o'clock she started to feel faint from/with hunger.
    9点钟的时候,她开始饿得有点头晕了。
  • I often suffer from hunger pangs (= strong feelings of needing something to eat) in the middle of the afternoon.
    下午过半时,我常常会感到一阵阵的饥饿。

famine : 指因天灾人祸而引起大规模饥荒;用作引申,指严重缺乏某种物资或人力。

  • Another crop failure could result in widespread famine.
    如果庄稼再次歉收就可能导致大范围饥荒。
  • There were reports of refugees dying of famine.
    有一些关于难民饿死的报告。
  • Thousands of people emigrated during the Irish potato famine of 1845–46.
    在1845年到1846年间的爱尔兰马铃薯饥荒时期,成千上万的人移居国外。

starvation语气比hunger强得多。指因长期缺乏食物所造成的痛苦,甚至死亡,侧重人为的灾难所致。

  • 20 million people face starvation unless a vast emergency aid programme is launched.
    若不启动大型的紧急援助项目,两千万人将有饿死的危险。
  • The animals had died of starvation.
    这些动物饿死了。
  • They pay starvation wages (= not enough money to live on).
    他们付的工钱极少,不够维持基本的生活。