eat、dine、have、consume、devour、gorge与swallow这些动词均可表示“吃”之意。
eat : 普通用词,使用广泛。既可用于人,也可用于动物。
- Do you eat meat?
你吃肉吗? - When I've got a cold, I don't feel like eating.
我感冒时没有食欲。 - We usually eat (= have a meal) at about seven o'clock.
我们通常在7点前后吃饭。
dine : 正式用词,既可指一日三餐中的任何一餐,也可以指特殊的用餐。
- I hate dining alone.
我不喜欢一个人吃晚饭。 - We dined by candlelight.
我们在烛光下吃晚餐。 - He once dined with the president of France.
他曾经跟法国总统共进晚餐。
have : 可与eat换用,但强调一次性的动作。
- I had prawns and rice for lunch.
我午饭吃的是大虾和米饭。 - Can I have a drink of water?
我能喝口水吗? - When are we having dinner?
我们什么时候吃晚饭?
consume : 侧重痛痛快快地吃得一干二净,可用于人和动物。
- He consumes huge amounts of bread with every meal.
他每顿饭都要吃掉大量的面包。
devour : 指狼吞虎咽地吃,强调吃得既快又彻底。
- The young cubs hungrily devoured the deer.
幼狮们贪婪地吞食着鹿肉。
gorge : 侧重指拼命地吃或塞,强调吃饱或吃得过量。
- If you gorge yourself on snacks like that, you won't eat your dinner.
你要是那样一个劲儿地吃零食,晚饭你就吃不下了。
swallow : 主要指吃的整个过程的第二部分“咽”,并常指咀嚼得匆匆忙忙地吃。
- My throat is so sore that it really hurts when I swallow.
我的喉咙很痛,吞咽起来很难受。 - He put a grape into his mouth and swallowed it whole.
他把一颗葡萄放进嘴里,整个儿吞了下去。