drawing、illustration、cartoon、diagram、picture、sketch、painting与portrait都含有“画、图”之意。
drawing : 指用线条或色彩绘成的图画。
- Rosie loves drawing.
罗西喜欢画画。 - She gave me a beautiful drawing of a horse.
她送了我一幅很漂亮的画，上面画着一匹马。
illustration : 指插入书页之间帮助说明的任何插图或图解。
- a full-page illustration
一幅整页的插图 - colour/black and white illustrations
彩色／黑白插图
cartoon : 指幽默或讽刺性漫画。
- Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and other Disney cartoon characters gave endless delight to millions of children.
米老鼠、唐老鸭及其他迪斯尼卡通形象给数百万的儿童带来了无尽的欢乐。
diagram : 多指科技书籍或文献中具有概括解说作用的图表、图样或略图。
- The teacher drew a diagram showing how the blood flows through the heart.
老师画了一张示意图来说明血液如何进出心脏。
picture : 指广义的“图画”，现多用来指相片、画像。
- Freddy drew/painted a picture of my dog.
弗雷迪给我的狗画了一张像。 - We took a picture of (= photographed) the children on their new bicycles.
我们拍了一张孩子们骑新自行车的照片. - I hate having my picture taken (= being photographed).
我不喜欢被人拍照。 - We can't get a clear picture.
我们看不到清晰的画面。
sketch : 通常指只画出物体主要特征的图画。
- My mother made a (pencil) sketch of my brother reading a book.
我母亲画了一张我弟弟在读书的（铅笔）速写。 - The artist is making sketches for his next painting.
画家正为他的下一幅作品画素描。 - She drew a sketch map of the area to show us the way.
她画了一幅这个地区的略图，用来给我们指路。
painting : 指着色的画。
- The walls are covered in oil paintings.
墙上挂满了油画。 - an exhibition of 19th-century French painting
19世纪法国绘画作品展 - a collection of paintings by American artists
美国艺术家绘画作品集 - cave paintings
洞窟里的壁画
portrait : 指肖像，只用于指人。
- She's commissioned an artist to paint her portrait/paint a portrait of her.
她委托一位画家为她画一幅肖像。 - a full-length portrait
全身画像 - a portrait painter
肖像画家 - He had his portrait painted in uniform.
他让人画了一幅身着制服的画像。
