这些名词均含有“犯法、犯罪、罪恶”之意。
crime : 指严重的违法行为或罪行。
- an increase in violent crime
暴力犯罪活动的增加 - the fight against crime
与犯罪活动的斗争 - Stores spend more and more on crime prevention every year.
商店每年在防止犯罪方面的花费越来越多。 - petty/serious crime
轻微的 / 严重的犯罪 - the connection between drugs and organized crime
毒品与有组织犯罪之间的联系
sin : 主要指违反道德原则或违反宗教戒律的过失或罪过行为。
- to commit/confess a sin
犯罪／忏悔罪过 - He thinks a lot about sin.
他对罪孽有很多思考。 - I think it's a sin (= is morally wrong) to waste food, when so many people in the world are hungry.
我认为浪费食物是一种罪过，因为世界上还有那么多人在挨饿。 - For my sins (= as if it were a punishment), I'm organizing the office party this year.
真是活该，今年将由我来组织办公室聚会。
guilt : 多用于指违反道德或社会标准的不法行为，含应予惩办之意。这种惩办是以证据为根据的。
- Both suspects admitted their guilt to the police.
两名嫌疑人都向警方认了罪。 - The prosecution's task in a case is to establish a person's guilt beyond any reasonable doubt.
在庭审案件中，控方的任务就是要证明被告有罪。
offence : 使用广，可泛指对任何规则、道德标准、法律、纪律等的违反与触犯，其罪行可重可轻。
- a serious/minor offence
重／轻罪 - a criminal/drink-driving offence
刑事罪／酒后驾车罪 - Driving without a licence is an offence.
无照驾驶是违法行为。 - He committed several serious offences.
他犯了好几项重罪。 - It's the third time that he's been convicted of a drug offence.
这是他第三次因毒品犯罪被判刑。
violation : 指违背誓言、条约、规则以及良心等，也指侵犯权利。
- He claimed that the way he'd been treated was a gross violation of his civil/constitutional/human rights.
他声称他们如此对待他是对他的公民权／宪法所赋予的权利／人权的粗暴侵犯。 - The takeover of the embassy constitutes a flagrant/blatant violation of international law.
占领大使馆是公然违反国际法的行为。 - It was clear that they had not acted in violation of the rules.
很显然他们的行为并没有违反规章。
