citizen、civilian、inhabitant、resident与native这些名词均含有“居民、公民”之意。
citizen : 指拥有某国国籍或有某地区合法身份的人，即公民。
- The interests of British citizens living abroad are protected by the British Embassy.
侨居国外的英国公民的利益受英国大使馆的保护。 - He applied to become an American citizen.
他申请成为美国公民。 - The citizens of Moscow woke up this morning to find they had a new government.
今天早上，莫斯科市民一觉醒来发现他们有了一个新政府。 - Old people are just treated like second-class citizens (= unimportant people).
老年人只被当作二等公民对待。 - He reassured people that law-abiding citizens (= people who do not break the law) would have nothing to fear from the enquiries.
他宽慰人们说遵纪守法的公民对质询没有什么可害怕的。
civilian : 指相对于军人或官员的平民百姓。
- The bomb killed four soldiers and three civilians.
炸弹炸死4名士兵及3名平民。 - He left the army and returned to civilian life.
他从军队退了役，重新过上平民百姓的生活。
inhabitant : 最普通用词，一般指常住居民。
- a city of five million inhabitants
拥有500万居民的城市 - the oldest inhabitant of the village
这个村最老的居民 - Cairo has only thirteen square centimetres of green space for each inhabitant.
开罗居民的人均绿地面积仅13平方厘米。
resident : 多指长期居住或暂时居住的民民，有时也指旅居者。
- a resident of the UK/Australia
英国／澳大利亚居民 - The local residents were angry at the lack of parking spaces.
当地居民对停车位短缺一事非常恼火。 - The hotel bar was only open to residents (= to people staying at the hotel).
这家旅馆的酒吧只对其住客开放。
native : 指土生土长的本地居民以及本地动物。
- a native of Monaco
摩纳哥当地人 - The red squirrel is a native of Britain.
红松鼠原产于英国。
