这些名词都指“拥有权力或统治权的人”。
chief : 最广泛用词，上可指最高统治者，下可指顶头上司，即可指任何一级的头头。
- a police chief
警察局局长 - A new chief of the security forces has just been appointed.
刚刚任命了一位新的保安队队长。 - Can you sign this form for me, chief?
长官，您能给我在这张表上签字吗？
head : 多指一个机构或团体等的负责人或最高首长。
- the head of the History department
历史系主任 - the head chef
主厨 - his first season as head coach
他作为主教练的第一个赛季。
leader : 指国家、民族、政党、组织等的领导或领袖。强调领导能力、含有能够引导、指导、控制被领导者并获得其支持的意味。
- a religious leader
宗教领袖 - The Russian leader wants to introduce further changes.
俄罗斯领导人希望进一步推行改革。 - He's a natural leader.
他天生就是个领导。 - She was elected as leader of the campaign group.
她被推举为竞选小组的领导。
boss : 非正式用词，多作口语用，可指任何负责人，也可指经理、老板或工头。
- She was the boss of a large international company.
她曾是一家大型跨国公司的老板。 - I started up my own business and now I'm my own boss (= I work for myself and no one tells me what to do).
我开办了公司，现在自己当老板。 - Who's the boss (= the person who makes all the important decisions) in your house?
你们家谁做主？
